Impact Of Prolonged Screen Time On Abdominal Muscle Tone And Posture: Anatomical And Biomechanical Insights

Abstract

Prolonged screen time has become a defining characteristic of modern digital behavior and is increasingly associated with adverse musculoskeletal outcomes. This study aimed to examine the anatomical and biomechanical effects of extended screen exposure on abdominal muscle tone and postural alignment using ultrasound morphometry, surface electromyography, photogrammetric postural analysis, and biomechanical load assessment. The findings demonstrate that individuals with high daily screen time exhibit significant reductions in deep abdominal muscle thickness, decreased tonic activation of the transversus abdominis and internal oblique muscles, and earlier onset of fatigue during trunk stabilization tasks. Postural measurements revealed increased forward-head posture, enhanced thoracic kyphosis, and diminished lumbar lordosis, accompanied by greater lumbar shear forces and anterior head shift during device use. These alterations indicate a transition from active muscular stabilization to passive structural support, contributing to functional imbalance and musculoskeletal discomfort. The results underscore the importance of integrated anatomical and biomechanical evaluation in understanding the impact of digital lifestyle habits and highlight the need for ergonomic and behavioral interventions to mitigate the effects of prolonged screen time on abdominal muscle function and posture.